-The Sundarbans in the SW Bangladesh and E India, on the delta of the Ganges, Brahruptura and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengali. Natural eroded material encourages the development of beaches and salt marshes. Low-lying coastal areas are high-risk areas regarding sea-level rise (SLR) due to the combination of low elevation, subsidence and currently low sediment supply, on the one hand, and their high natural and socio-economic values, on the other. Conflict often exists between different stakeholders, such as residents and the local council. Dune regeneration creating new sand dunes or restoring existing ones. It is the fastest eroding coastline in Europe. How does geology affect the formation of river landforms? The Beach (Coastal Protection) - The sea defenses have been damaged and replaced with 'Spanish steps' leading down to the sea that will protect the coastline and increase public access to the seafront. What does Participatory Planning mean in relation to a coastal zone? These effects can be positive or negative. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. 4: Wooden revetment (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sturdy_revetments_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1119250.jpg) by Evelyn Simak (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/14840) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en), Fig. The map below shows a range of management strategies and the impact these are having further along the coast. An understanding of coastal management strategies is a requirement of all A level specifications. Where do volcanoes and earthquakes happen? The SMP states that the approach to managing the coast needs to be sustainable, taking into account the economy, the environment, tourism and future development but acknowledges that the cost is likely to rise with time. Cost-wise they are not too expensive, 150250 (depending on material). The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. However, it inevitably means that it will divide stakeholders into two groups. Effective as they reduce the amount of erosion from waves as the waves break before - the energy dissipates. Human and physical factors causing river flooding. In other words, the strategies should not cause too much damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and shouldnt cost too much. It considers 'risks' to local people as well as. What are the effects of deforestation in the Amazon? Apologies for the terrible sound! Fig. See our A-Level Essay Example on Walton on the Naze, Coastal Landforms now at Marked By Teachers. What is the impact of humans on the temperate deciduous woodland? The reason for coastal management is to protect homes and businesses from the devastating effects of coastal flooding and erosion. This varied coastline is one of the Island's main assets. -Home to 4m people. It can be seen that the coastal defence plan for Southampton Water needs to be able to take into account a variety of conflicting interests. What factors influence the effects and response to tectonic activity? Coasts Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. Therefore, their only impact is to change where erosion is occurring. Management Factors Affecting the Production Level of Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed in the South Coastal Waters of South Sulawesi Province. How can the impacts of climate change be managed? What is migration and why do people migrate? What is the value of the tropical rainforest? Groups who may have an interest in how the coast is managed would include; local residents, local councils, landowners, governments, environmental bodies and national park authorities. Prevents longshore drift, flooding, and erosion. Fig. Dredging may affect the local coastal habitats. Water quality and pollution management in the UK. Jamaica Case Study, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? Study Notes: Coastal Systems & Landscapes Revision for A-Level Geography & IB Last updated 4 Jan 2023 Revision study notes on key features of the coastal systems and landscapes topic for A-Level Geography and IB Geography. Hold the line - this is when coastal defences are built or maintained to protect a coastline against the impacts of sea level rise and . (See appendix 1, 2 and 3 for SMP maps). There is an increased frequency of storms and the possibility of increased erosion and flooding. . There are two contrasting approaches to coastal management. Coastal management is the focus of several GCSE specifications while some require understanding of managed realignment. How is a cold environment interdependent? Employing the ideal gas model with k=1.4k=1.4k=1.4 for the air, determine (a) the work developed by the turbine, in kJ\mathrm{kJ}kJ per kg\mathrm{kg}kg of air flowing, and (b) the temperature at the exit, in K. Ignore kinetic and potential energy effects. Large boulders or rocks piled up on a beach in front of a cliff or sea wall. Coastal barrage partly submerging dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. This is where all coastline elements (land, water, people, and the economy) are managed with one integrated strategy. This is where all the coastlines are divided into littoral cells containing sediment sources, transport paths and sinks. Another area of the UK where effective coastal management is necessary is Southampton Water in Hampshire The region is home to a varied range of human activities including industry, commercial, residential and leisure uses. (See figure below for an example of a large landslide on the Norfolk coast). Its aims are: Coastal management involves decisions that will affect peoples lives. Why does the coastline need to be managed? Why is there a trend towards agribusiness? Learning objectives The department of geography and environmental studies of the University of South Africa recently played a pivotal role in implementing an inter- and multidisciplinary undergraduate programme in environmental management. They can also act as flood barriers. Limestone Case Study Malham, The Yorkshire Dales. Development, population change and the demographic transition model, Strategies for reducing the development gap. The Barrier Reef became a marine park in 1975 and was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 (Dove et al, 2009). That coastal management must be sustainable, whereby economic development is essential but is not prioritised over the protection of the coastal environment. Sustainable development in the Temperate Deciduous Woodland. It's over the long term, involves all the stakeholders and uses 'adaptive management' - changing plans as threats change. In 1896 the Council decided to link the two bays by the construction of a 1200 metre link road to be known as . How are Nigerias trading and political relationships changing? Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Hard engineering involves building artificial structures that aim to prevent erosion. Can the risks of volcanic eruptions be reduced? Because of this, there is a growing need to assess the integrated impact of SLR taking into account the interactions between physical and ecological . These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. It can have a stepped or bullnose profile. (4 marks) Assess the role of vegetation in the development of a sand dune landscape. A shoreline management plan is a document which examines the risks associated with coastal processes and presents a policy to manage those risks. Rip-rap is relatively cheap, 13506000. They manage but do not necessarily prevent erosion. Soft engineering is a more sustainable management strategy than hard engineering because it has a lower environmental impact and economic cost. Zoning is divided into seven types; a General Use Zone, A Habitat Protection Zone, A Conservation Zone, a Buffer Zone, a Scientific Research Zone, a Marine Park Zone and a Preservation Zone. Regeneration is the process of upgrading existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. What was the relevance of the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992? 1.2 High Coasts Featuring Cliffs. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The landward retreat of the shoreline can be measured and described over a temporal scale of tides, seasons, and other short-term cyclic processes. As the negative impacts of many shoreline management plans (SMP) have become evident, sustainable integrated approaches are becoming more widely used. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) is over 2300km long and is made up of over 2900 reefs and 940 islands and cays. Beach nourishment is where the sediment lost through erosion is replaced. The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. Soft engineering aims to work with and complement the physical environment by using natural coastal defence methods. The Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Project is working on two stretches of coastline: Gopalpur-Chilka and Paradip-Dhamra. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Will you pass the quiz? This is a hard engineering method in coastal management (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Groyne_at_Mundesley,_Norfolk.JPG) by MichaelMaggs (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:MichaelMaggs) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Figure 1 Map showing the Queensland coast and zoning areas of the Great Barrier Reef. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. An ICZM manages the Mediterranean. Disasters that often occur due to climate change and subsidence result in the destruction of coastal communities' property, loss of life, agricultural land cannot produce optimally, and tsunamis, tidal floods, and liquefaction are increasingly common. Subscribe OCR A Level Geography View More Topics Business Studies. It nourishes the beach and naturally dissipates wave energy. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. GCSE Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Edexcel A Level Geography Paper 1 9GE0 01 - 27 May 2022 [Exam Chat] A-level Geography Study Group 2022-2023; Does anyone know the 20 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; AQA Geography 2022 paper; Does anyone know the 20 & 9 markers for the Geography 2022 papers; flood management method case studies . 1 - Sea wall on the Isle of Wight, UK. In cell 5c11, for example, (see appendix 4) the short term policy is to hold the line and continue to maintain existing flood defences, but in the longer term a policy of no active intervention would be adopted because it would become no longer economically viable to hold the line (see appendix 5) (www.northsolentsmp.co.uk). The Chemu lagoon is not immune to pollution through chemical waste contamination, refuse disposals, and untreated household sewage, and hence has been chosen as a case study. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What are the three critical factors of an ICZM? Use the images below to find out more about each case study. The cliffs are predominantly made from soft sand and clays, meaning that they are extremely vulnerable to erosion by waves as well as slumping caused by rainwater. What are Mumbais social and economic opportunities? Fig. Where are the areas of water deficit and surplus in the UK? The United Kingdom also needs to manage its coastline as the next two case studies will show. GCSE. International migration from Syria to Europe, Japan A country with a high dependent population. Cyclone Prone Areas in India There are 13 coastal states and union territories (UTs) in the country, encompassing 84 coastal districts which are affected by tropical cyclones. Wooden fence-like barriers are built at right angles at the beach. - Coastline mainly made up of cliffs (20-30m high), made of soft, easily eroded . Smaller areas are not considered separately, unlike traditional methods. To achieve this, the following are taken into consideration: This takes place before any coastal management takes place. Water running off the land from agricultural and urbanised areas has been found to contain pesticides, chemicals and other pollutants which can endanger the delicate coral reef ecosystem. There are two types of coastal management, hard engineering, which involves building structures to protect the coast. The position of the coast is also a factor that needs to be considered as longshore drift causes large movement of sediment in a southerly direction. It includes various methods like percolation tanks, and recharge wells among . I am a Geographer conducting research in health geography and urban health in the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Expensive to implement and maintain. A Level Geography - Coastal Case Studies (Holderness, Coastal Feature Examples) 15,191 views Feb 27, 2014 204 Dislike Share Save Ben Stockdale 6.88K subscribers A level/GCSE geography. It does not store any personal data. GREAT - Imperial College London Scholarship. An SMP has been created for each sediment cell in the UK to help with coastline management. What is cliff stabilisation, and how does it work? These may include the value of land, homes and businesses that will be protected. The coastline of the UK is divided up into a series of cells that each have their own Shoreline Management Plan (SMP). Lecture notes - A level geography: introduction to coasts 2. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The characteristic style of rural houses is an important manifestation of the historical and cultural values of rural areas and is the key focus of the implementation of the strategy for the construction of beautiful China and the revitalization of rural areas. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Hard Engineering - Coastal Management - Isle of Wight. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. How have animals adapted to cold environments? A coastline could be managed by hard engineering approaches such as a sea wall made of concrete with steel reinforcement and deep pile foundations. What is conflict in the context of coastal management? Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. The Great Barrier Reef is the largest coral reef system in the world, (Dove et al, 2009 pp73). Physical processes that affect the coast include erosion, cliff slumping, deposition and longshore drift. In order to manage and protect the coast it is necessary to understand the different physical processes that affect it, the way that the land is used and the interests of those who inhabit it. Inexpensive hard engineering structure, but not very effective or attractive. Explain a sea wall in regards to coastal engineering? They reflect wave energy rather than absorb it, are intrusive and unnatural and are very expensive to build and maintain, 300010,000. Widens the beach/dune, therefore, slowing down waves and preventing erosion. The disadvantages are that the ongoing costs are high as the sediment needs replacing every few years as waves remove it. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. And here are some common types of soft engineering. What challenges are associated with the growth of Rio? Can create erosion further down the coast. What is the difference between a tornado and a hurricane? Coastal Deposition Use the images below to find out more about each case study. Expensive to implement. Dunes are a barrier to beach access and creating new dunes results in a land loss. 1. It is a dynamic strategy where decisions are re-evaluated if the environment or demands on the area change. Two Earthquakes Compared Nepal and LAquila, Lombok Indonesia Earthquake 2018 Case Study, 2018 Sulawesi Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami Case Study. Increases the distance a wave has to travel, thus slowing it down and preventing erosion. Q1 Give brief details of the evolution of Human Geography through the corridors of time. Write balanced nuclear equations for the following transformations: gold-188 decays by positron emission. Where there are gaps, it means coastal defences are present and working. The study revealed that . What is the structure of the tropical rainforest? Case studies from all regions of the world (Europe, The Americas, Asia, Africa and Australasia) are included', 'Building upon the book Disappearing . GCSE. Book Description This book applies cost-benefit analysis techniques in the management of environment and natural resources in developing countries of the Southeast Asian region and presents a compendium of studies conducted by researchers supported by the Economy and . Level 3 Business Unit 4; Health And Social Care - Policy And Politics; Fluid Dynamics (32325) Advanced Software Engineering (CN7021) Family Law (LLBP 2023) . Socio-economic impacts of flooding 3. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. They can survive in brackish water as they filter salt. In addition, the sediment used is usually dredged from offshore, so care needs to be taken not to impact the wider coastal sediment cells. A Series of Coasts Case studies and Information on Them Terms in this set (26) Why is Coastal Management Needed at Lyme Regis? The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". What are the air masses that affect the UK? It was cheaper to protect Mappleton than construct a new route. The Isle of Wight has65 milesof spectacular coastline, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. Environmental Management; Global Interdependence . This paper is objective in nature (100 MCQs in 2 hours). Structure of ecosystems, energy flows, trophic levels, food chains and food webs, Characteristics of the Tropical Equatorial Rainforest, Nutrient Cycle in the Equatorial Rainforest, Ecological responses to the climate and soil moisture budget adaptations by vegetation and animals, River Processes: erosion, transportation and deposition & Hjulstrm Curve. Boulders were put in front of the sea wall to give it more protection and the beach was replenished with extra sand. Create a more consistent water level that can be used for hydroelectricity. Sea walls are a physical barrier against erosion. However the council maintain that the high cost involved in holding the line is not justified by their cost/benefit analysis (http://www.marinet.org.uk). Of all the hard engineering approaches, groynes are the most problematic as sediment builds up behind them on the uplift side, extending the beach seaward. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Sulawesi, Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami 2018, Almera, Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable food supplies in an LIC Bangladesh, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? Figure 4 Photo showing cliff slumping at Sidestrand, Norfolk. Can create a strong backwash. Earthquakes Human beings, plants and animals all use the coastline for different things. Overall, this resource aims to help students prepare effectively for their CBSE Class 12 Geography exams by providing a comprehensive set of most important questions and answers in the subject. The current coastal management plan is to hold the line at Hornsea. If not dealt with this water would encourage rock and sediments to slide to the cliff bottom. Search our scholarships. Fig. It was decided that the existing sea defences needed replacing by building rock groynes to trap sediment and create wider beaches to protect the cliffs. Self-paced Case Studies Fostering Resilient, Multimodal Transportation Solutions along the California Coast Learn how a coastal zone management program and state transportation agency built a unique partnership to ensure sustainable transportation systems with positive environmental outcomes along the co. Self-paced Case Studies There are four types of erosion (exactly the same as in our rivers topic!) Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Landforms, Coastal Management and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Coastal Environments CPD Erosional Erosion, Coastal Management, Deposition and Fieldwork on the Holderness Coast, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Internet Geography Plus Terms and Conditions. Company Registration Number: 8600593 What is chemical and mechanical weathering? Approximately two-thirds of the worlds population live within a few kilometres of the coast. Hard: Sea walls, Rock armour, Promenade Groynes Universitt Basel PGC . The Isle of Wight has 65 miles of spectacular coastline, 28 miles of which are designated Heritage Coast. Aquaculture Research Journal, 5 (3) : 491-504. This was effective at maintaining the beach here, but made beaches further south, including the beach at Sea Palling, become starved of sediment meaning that waves were able to undermine the sea wall causing further erosion. Lecture notes - Aqa/cie a level coastal processes 4. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Figure 2 Map of United Kingdom showing North Norfolk. Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. -0.66 marks will be deducted as negative marks for each wrong answer. Q.7 Given below are four statements about Watershed Management as practised in India. Governance approaches include Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs), Sustainable Integrated Approaches (SIA) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). About this case study Coastal environments provide many opportunities for human activities and the potential for economic development. Waves can erode the wall defeating its purpose and is expensive to implement and maintain. Economic activities in glaciated upland areas, Glaciation Photo gallery Goat Fell, Isle of Arran. Presidential scholarships for students of Black heritage. They are permeable. However, they increasingly face a threat from rising global sea levels, although there is uncertainty about the scale and timing of the rise. Natural ecosystems in Manila bay e.g. mangroves and sea grass have been destroyed by pollution . Its becoming increasingly crucial for governments and individual councils to manage coastlines to protect them from coastal erosion and flooding due to changing sea levels. Create and find flashcards in record time. Ans: Have all your study materials in one place. Tunisia Case Study. Thinkswap has partnered with Turnitin to ensure students cannot copy directly from our resources. This is used to help decide whether defending a coastline from erosion and or flooding is worth it. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. Losers people who have not had their property saved or see the coastline being concreted over through defensive measures, which they see as a negative environmental impact. Do nothing but . Protects cliffs from upland erosion and is a barrier to flooding. Required to compensate people who lose buildings and farmland. Given its importance, careful consideration needs to be given to managing the coastline to ensure that its resources are utilised wisely while preserving its natural beauty and processes. The disadvantages are that erosion at the base of the structure can cause the installation to fail, they are not effective in stormy conditions and can make the beach inaccessible for tourists.
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